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Front headlights key to bicyclists' visibility, winter safety

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Wheels of Justice
Front headlights key to bicyclists' visibility, winter safety

By James Freeman, Esq.

This time of year, cyclists will find themselves riding at night more than usual. Many cyclists are largely mistaken about the requirements for lights on bicycles. While a flashing rear light is important, it is the front headlight that is required by law.

Within the State of Illinois and the City of Chicago cyclists are required to have a white head light and rear reflector. The Illinois Vehicle Code states that, “Every bicycle when in use at nighttime shall be equipped with a head lamp on the front which shall emit a white light,” and a rear red reflector (625 ILCS 5/11-1507). A red taillight can be used in place of the red reflector, but a taillight is not required.

Although many cyclists are concerned about getting hit from behind, a common nighttime crash occurs when a car fails to yield while making a left turn, and cuts off an oncoming cyclist who has the right of way. If the cyclist does not have proper lighting they risk being blamed for the crash because of the cyclist’s lack of visibility. Also, any claim the cyclist would otherwise have against the driver could be compromised because the cyclist was in violation of

the law for not having proper lighting equipment. Furthermore, the driver may have a claim against the cyclist for any injury or damage to their car.

If you only have one light on your bike, it should be a white headlight used in conjunction with a red rear reflector. This makes you compliant with Illinois and Chicago law, and it makes you more visible to traffic. Even a cyclist with proper lights and reflectors can be hard to see, but one with no reflectors or lights is practically invisible.

Wheels of Justice is a regular column that provides tips on some of the legal aspects of bicycling. This column should not be considered legal advice.

Do you have a question about bicycling and traffic laws? Send your questions to bikelaw@biketraffic.org.